Document Type : Original Research Paper
Authors
Department of surveying Engineering, Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Today, air pollution is considered as one of the most important problems of human societies. The expansion of urbanization, the development of cities, the increase in population, the increase in construction, the development of industrial activities and the increase in the consumption of fossil fuels, the lack of an efficient public transportation system, the low quality of fuel and the traffic density have caused a large amount of pollutants incompatible with natural mechanisms to be released into the air daily. Air pollution has harmful effects on the environment and human health. The distribution of gases and pollutants in different layers of the atmosphere is not equal. So that some pollutants such as carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide have a very high concentration in the troposphere layer compared to other layers. Along with other factors that increase pollutants, the construction industry is also one of the major sources of environmental pollution, responsible for about 4% of the production of greenhouse gases, particles and more water pollution than any other industry. Today, due to the excessive growth of the population and the need for housing, it has required that tall buildings rise every day from all corners of the city. Now this issue causes the production of pollutants to increase in cities. Because the increase in population causes an increase in single-passenger cars and issues in this regard. The increase in population and the desire to seek profit through construction replaces the beautiful and natural landscapes of our country with urban areas every year. Population growth causes an increase in construction in an area, and this problem causes the physical development of urban areas over time. In this research, the aim is to investigate the impact of construction on air pollution in the troposphere and also how the concentration of pollutants changes in different seasons of the year.
Methods The area studied in this research is District 22 of the municipality located in the northwest of Tehran, one of the new areas of Tehran, which was built in order to solve the lack of services in the western area of Tehran and to relocate part of the population living in the dilapidated tissues of central Tehran, and the amount of construction in this area is growing. has been selected and to investigate the construction changes in the study area, the maximum likelihood classification method was used using Sentinel-2 satellite images, and for monitoring carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, tropospheric ozone and aerosol pollutants, Sentinel 5 satellite images were used in the Google Earth Engine system.
Findings: The findings include calculating the amount of construction in the years 2018 to 2022 and providing maps of changes in the concentration of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, tropospheric ozone and aerosol pollutants per unit of time and space.
Conclusion: The results of this research show that from 2018 to 2022, about 33.12 hectares were added to the construction areas of Tehran's 22nd district, and these construction changes did not affect all gases, and only carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide pollutants had a growing trend. Also, the concentration of mentioned pollutants was higher in winter than other seasons.
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