Document Type : Original Research Paper
Authors
Department of Surveying Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background and Objectives: As the value of real estate and land increases, people try to define the boundaries of their property more accurately in order to prevent the smallest losses. In order to increase the accuracy of real estate boundaries, one cannot be satisfied with flat positions, and on the other hand, new cadastral systems in urban management and meeting the needs of different users require the need to record the changes in urban spaces and use timely 3D models. Today, in order to provide a model for real estate and land management in cities, the third dimension, i.e. height, and the fourth dimension, i.e. time, should also be considered.
Methods A combination of two methods is as follows: based on the purpose, in an applied manner, based on the results of previous research in this field, and based on the method of data collection in an experimental manner with a scientometric approach
Findings: 3D modeling in cadastre should be created in the context of time to consider all aspects of land management in a country based on the passage of time. Currently, this time-based three-dimensional modeling is known as four-dimensional cadastre. In general, the applications of this research include the correct use of land and cadastre management, as well as the use of 3D cadastre height and 4D cadastre time, construction growth from different aspects, and the need to implement cadastre in the third dimension (elevation ) and the fourth (time) exists, the increasing complexity and flexibility of modern use requires that cadastres must manage information related to the third and time (fourth) dimensions In order to design a four-dimensional cadastre, it is very necessary and important to pay attention to things such as cost, time and available equipment. Land preparation, defining property boundaries, developing infrastructure facilities such as water and sewage networks, electricity and gas, managing urban green spaces and changing the use of these areas are also used in cultural heritage and reconstruction of old buildings. Preventing the phenomenon of land grabbing, along with the forgery of documents or theft and illegal possessions, is also one of the other uses.
Conclusion: The conclusion based on the studies done in this field is as follows This study proposes a general framework for how to apply temporal information to the model, which is created by integrating cadastral information with LADM on legal objects and CityGML on physical objects. The main requirements for creating a 4D cadastral model for Iran with legal and physical views of existing cadastral objects are presented. This study was tested using real data in a case study. Therefore, this modeling of cadastral data, and management and service delivery steps, have been investigated separately in the scope of the research and are similar to manuals created for different users. The difference between our study and other studies in this field is that all the processing steps (analysis, modeling, storage, transformation and service of data, visualization) performed for 3D cadastral studies are explained and from the software Open source is used in scope.
Keywords
- Four-Dimensional Cadastre
- LADM
- Land Management
- Sustainable Development
- Fourth Dimension
- Schedule Cadastre
Main Subjects
COPYRIGHTS
© 2025 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
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