Development of a BIM-based data model in order to value and determine the ‎owners' share of building components

Akhlaghi, N.; Milan, A.; Vafaeinejad, A.R.

doi:10.22061/jrsgr.2025.11720.1095

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

Department of Surveying Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti ‎University, Tehran, Iran ‎

https://doi.org/10.22061/jrsgr.2025.11720.1095

Abstract

Background and Objectives: In recent years, with the development of urbanization and the construction of apartments and complex buildings, the importance and necessity of 3D data, especially in the real estate information sector, has been given more attention. Building Information Modeling is a new technology in the construction industry that is used to create, manage and share a digital model of a building, its components and related information. In addition to increasing interoperability and collecting all building information and documents in a single model, by adapting the building information model and the structure whose construction has been completed, it can be used for demarcation purposes to specify the common areas, the boundaries and the extent of ownership of each person from the various components of the building and for property documentation, for accurate property pricing.
Methods: In this research, first, the parameters affecting the valuation of the property will be identified and the required data will be collected according to the parameters. Then, using two-dimensional architectural and structural drawings drawn in CAD (which can be obtained from engineering or engineering systems offices), the building information model has been reconstructed. After that, for each of the building components, legal enrichment (specifying common areas and building amenities) has been performed and the value of the materials used in the building has been defined based on the price list for the building components. The proposed process in this research has been modeled in three dimensions in Revit software.
Findings: The building information model is used throughout the entire life cycle of a building, from design to construction, operation, and even maintenance, but it does not actually have the ability to model ownership relations and legal information; however, with the method implemented in this study, due to the importance of clarifying ownership relations in land or buildings, especially in court cases, ownership and legal relations can be defined; in addition to defining legal relations, the modeling carried out for a sample of a constructed building has been carried out for accurate valuation according to the location and effective parameters.
Conclusion: Finally, the share of each owner of the building components is determined by defining the joint and several relationships. In addition to accurately and unambiguously recording the amount of ownership of individuals in the building, this method can also be used to accurately price the property considering effective external and internal factors and reduce legal claims. Pricing is done using a price list for all building components and materials, which can be used to obtain the total price.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Geo-spatial Information System

COPYRIGHTS

(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)

References

[1] Amooshahi, m., a. milan, and y. jamour. Feasibility of using smartphones in the reconstruction of the interior architecture of the building without using interior control points. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2), p. 124-135. [In Persian]. doi:10.52547/jgst.12.2.124.

[2] Gabrielli, L. and N. French. Pricing to market: property valuation methods–a practical review. Journal of property investment & finance, 2021, 39(5), p. 464-480.

doi: 10.1108/jpif-09-2020-0101

[3] Isikdag, U., et al.Utilizing 3D building and 3D cadastre geometries for better valuation of existing real estate. Proceedings FIG Working Week 2015'From the wisdom of the ages to the challenges of modern world', Sofia, Bulgaria, 2015.

[4] El Yamani, S., et al. 3D variables requirements for property valuation modeling based on the integration of BIM and CIM. Sustainability, 2021, 13(5), p. 2814.

http://doi.org/10.3390/su13052814

[5] Kalogianni, E., et al. 3D land administration: a review and a future vision in the context of the spatial development lifecycle. ISPRS international journal of geo-information , 2020, 9(2), p. 107.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9020107

[6] Williamson, I., Enemark, S., Wallace, J., & Rajabifard, A. Land administration for sustainable development (p.487). Redlands, CA, USA: ESRIPressAcademic, 2021.

[7] Rules and Criteria for Establishing Industrial and Production Units and Activities, Approval Date: 2011/03/08 ,Approval Reference: Council of Ministers' Approvals, Notification Date: 2011/04/15, Volume: 8.

[8] USEPA, 2002. Air Quality Index: A Guide to Air Quality and Your Health, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. P.14.

[9] El Yamani, S. and R. Hajji. BIM and 3D GIS integration for real estate valuation. Building Information Modeling for a Smart and Sustainable Urban Space, 2021, p. 95-112.

https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119885474.ch6

[10] Abobakirov, A. Advantages of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Technologies in Construction. HOLDERSOF REASON, 1(3) , 2023, p. 399-405.

[11] Abidoye, R.B., et al. Property valuation methods in practice: evidence from Australia. Property management, 2019, 37(5), p. 701-718. https://doi.org/10.1108/PM-04-2019-0018

[12] Akhlaghi yengheje, N. A proposed method to determine the owner's share of building materials with the aim of valuing properties, the second international conference and the seventh national conference on architecture and sustainable city, 1401. [In Persian].

[13] Howard, R. and B.-C. Björk. Building information modelling–Experts’ views on standardisation and industry deployment. Advanced engineering informatics, 2008, 22(2), p.271-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2007.03.001

[14] Azhar, S. Building information modeling (BIM): Trends, benefits, risks, and challenges for the AEC industry. Leadership and management in engineering, 2011, 11(3), p.241-252.

https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127

[15] Forgues, D., et al. Rethinking the cost estimating process through 5D BIM: A case study. in Construction Research Congress: Construction Challenges in a Flat World,2012. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784412329.079

[16] Xu, S., K. Liu, and L.C. Tang. Cost estimation in building information models, in ICCREM 2013: Construction and Operation in the Context of Sustainability, 2013, p.555-566.

https//doi.org/10.1061/9780784413135.053

[17] Guo, J., S. Xu, and Z. Bi. An integrated cost-based approach for real estate appraisals. Information Technology and Management, 2014, 15, p. 131-139.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10799-012-0152-7

[18] Mayouf, M., M. Gerges, and S. Cox. 5D BIM: an investigation into the integration of quantity surveyors within the BIM process. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 2019, 17(3), p. 537-553.

https://doi:10.1108/JEDT-05-2018-0080

[19] Gao, H., C. Koch, and Y. Wu. Building information modelling based building energy modelling: A review. Applied energy, 2019, 238, p. 320-343.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.032

[20] Vigneault, M.-A., et al. An innovative framework of 5D BIM solutions for construction cost management: a systematic review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 2020, 27, p.1013-1030.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-019-09341-z

[21] Celik Simsek, N. and B. Uzun. Building Information Modelling (BIM) for property valuation: A new approach for Turkish Condominium Ownership. Survey Review, 2022, 54(384), p.187-208.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2021.1905251

[22] Mete, M.O. and T. Yomralioglu. Mass Valuation of Real Estate Using GIS-based Nominal Valuation and Machine Learning Methods. in 28th Annual Conference of the European Real Estate Society (ERES, 2022).